Making a living from your pension
- Better pensions through personal pension savings and higher basic deductions.
Three parts of the pension
Sweden currently has a pension system consisting of three parts: 1) State pension. This is based on your income and may in some cases be a guaranteed pension. 2) Occupational pension from work, often regulated by collective agreements. 3) Personal savings through voluntary contributions, for example private pension insurance.
The national pension is essentially a pay-as-you-go scheme, which means that today's wage earners pay pension contributions into a buffer scheme, which in turn pays out pensions to today's pensioners. Employees” pension contributions thus essentially go directly to pension payments.
The system has two main problems
The system is based on the assumption that there are always at least as many workers paying pension contributions as there are pensioners. When there are fewer contributions than payments into the public pension system, the buffer is reduced and the money will eventually run out. Swedish demographic trends show that the population is ageing faster than new children are being born. Consequently, it will be difficult to guarantee today's wage earners the pension they are entitled to.
This also means that the employee does not own his or her pension capital - except for the small part called the premium pension (PPM). Of the 18.5% paid into the national pension system on a regular basis, 2.5% goes to the self-owned premium pension. 16% goes into what are called ”buffer funds”, which are managed by the state AP funds.
Like all government agencies, the AP funds are also affected by political decisions. One example of this is the much-discussed investment in Northvolt, which caused a total loss of around SEK 5.8 billion in 2025 - an investment that should not have been made and which reduced the pension capital by the same amount.
PPM funds have delivered better returns
During the period 2001-2024, the annual return on average PPM savings has amounted to approximately 7.4%, while the corresponding return for the AP funds has been approximately 3.4%. Even if you have not actively chosen PPM, the return in PPM funds has been about twice as high as the average return of the AP funds during the same period. Owned private pension management thus leads to higher pensions and therefore Ambition Sverige wants the national pension capital to gradually transition to being completely owned and managed like the PPM system.
Pensions will be higher and more secure with an increase in the basic allowance
Increasing pensions requires more contributions during working life, higher premiums in occupational pensions and equal conditions. Working a few years longer also makes a big difference.
The most effective way to achieve higher pensions is to increase the basic allowance. This increases the portion of income that is not taxed at all, favouring pensioners who, after a lifetime of hard work, still have a low pension.
Sweden currently has a relatively low basic allowance, with a maximum of SEK 49,000. By way of comparison, Germany has a basic deduction of EUR 11 784 (equivalent to around SEK 130 000) and Norway around NOK 88 000 (2024).
Ambition Sverige wants to increase the basic allowance to two (2) Price Base Amounts, which will be SEK 117,600 for 2025. This will make the basic deduction more comparable to the level of the subsistence minimum and will also follow the general cost trend.
Ambition Sverige also believes that married couples should be free to share their pensions between them. They have shared the various circumstances of family life between them, especially at the time of family formation when the mother has often spent a long time at home with children. It is therefore reasonable that spouses should be free to divide their pensions between them, without restrictions or obligations.
Ambition Sverige will work for:
- Transforming the public pension capital into a fully self-owned pension capital, far from being politically expedient.
- Reducing taxes on pensions by increasing the basic deduction to two price base amounts.
- Allowing spouses to freely distribute pension capital between them.
- Increasing guaranteed pensions for those with the lowest pensions.